Process of uniting metals



Feb. 15, 1938. I CYKAJLQ 2,108,528

PROCESS OF UNITING METALS Filed Sept. 26, 1935' ATTO RNLYS Patented Feb. 15, 1933 I I 2,108,528

um'rso STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PROCESS OF UNITING METALS Peter Cykajlo, Mansfield, Ohio, assignor of onehalf to Henry L. Goemann, Mansfield, Ohio Application September 2d, 1935, Serial No. 42,302 10 Claims. (01. 29-189) This invention relates to them of uniting Low carbon low melting point steel is then metals, and has for an object the provision of a heated separately, and in its molten state is new and improved process of uniting metals, such poured into the tube It), while the latter is in the assteel and copper, and a new and improved mold II, a ladle l2 being shown in Figure 3 in composite metal resulting from the practice of the act of pouring the molten steel into the 5 such process. v tube l0.

In the drawing accompanying this specifica- After the combined metals have been cooled tion, and forming a part of this application, I suiliciently toberemoved from the mold, the comhave shown for purposes of illustration, certain posite block I3 thus produced is then reheated to 0 embodiments which my invention may assume, between 1800 Fahrenheit and 1900 Fahrenheit,

and in this drawing: and subsequently rolled between sets of rolls I! Figure 1 is a perspective view showing a cast and [5 as shown in Figure 4.

tube of one of the metals which is to be united Immediately prior to entering between the first to another, set of rolls I4, however, the block l3 of reheated Figure 2 is a vertical sectional view of a waterunited metals is sprayed with water on all exterior cooled mold, in which the tube shown in Figure 1 side and end surfaces, through the medium of is placed, I high pressure jets IS, the spraying action con- Flgure 3 is a fragmentary perspective view of tinuing as the metals are slowly conveyed to a the mold containing the tube, anddisclosing the position to enter between the rolls l4.

manner in which molten metal is introduced into The reheating and spraying just before rolling the tube, comprise important features of applicant's inven- V Figure 4 is a fragmentary, diagrammatic view tion, since reheating to the temperatures deof the manner in which the united metals are scribed causes the united metals to approach treated after being removed from the mold, melted condition, while the spraying operation at Figure 5 is an enlarged sectional view through ,high pressure hardens the exterior surfaces of the united metals following the treatment disthe block l3, and substantially seals the steel core closed in Figure 4, therewithin, and causes the copper to contract Figure 6 is a fragmentary perspective view of upon the highly heated steel core. When enterthe united metals in sheet form, ing between the rolls, the engaging surfaces of Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view the united metals being close to their melting through the sheet shown in Figure 6, such view points, the contracting effect of the relative cold correspondingsubstantially to the line 'l-l of e ter r o the C pp tube, and the compressing Figure 6, while action of the rolls, causes intercalation of the Figure 8 is a fragmentary perspective view of particles of the two metals, and thus provides a an expedient employed in connection with a difpermanent rmion therebetween. ferent embodiment of the invention. a The resulting product is a rolled sheet I'I hav- In carrying out the process, a tube of copper ing an exterior layer of copper l8 permanently such as that shown at III of Figure 1, is first cast united to the core ,of steel l9, and along the area in a suitable mold. After the tube ill has'been of union the two metals exhibit a structure such removed from the mold, the interior surface as indicated at 20, in Figure 5, wherein the par- 40 thereof is thoroughly cleaned through the appliticles of the inner surface of the copper tube and cation thereto of carbolic acid, or the like, and the exterior surfaces of the steel core are interthe tube I0 is then placed in an air-tight furnace calated to provide a permanent union. and its temperature raised to between 1400" In another embodiment of the invention, Fahrenheit to 1800 Fahrenheit. wherein high melting point steel is employed, it is The heated tube I0 is then removed from the desirable to practice the process in this manner. furnace and placed in a water-cooled mold, indi- An ingot of steel, illustrated at 2|, in Figure 8, cated at H, in Figure 2, after which the interior is first cast, and the ingot is then raised to or of the tube I0 is sprayed with a flux mixture, maintained at a temperature of from 1900 preferably comprising welding borax, calcium Fahrenheit to 2000 Fahrenheit. After reheating carbonate, ammonium chloride, and iron filings, the ingot, it is sprayed with a flux mixture such in substantially equal proportions, and 'includas that already referred to, and then set into a ing glass dust, or fused silica, in a quantity about mold 22. Molten copper is then poured into the four times as great as the quantity of any one of mold 22 so as to surround the steel ingot or core the other described ingredients. 2|, and after the combined metalsare removed that the process and concurrently, it also will be apparent that my invention has uses and advantages other than those herein specifically mentioned; furthermore, it also will be appreciated that various changes and modifications may be made. without departing from the spirit of the invention; and accordingly, that the embodiments herein disclosed are illustrative only, and that the invention is not limited thereto.

I claim:

1. A process for uniting metals, comprising: heating a plurality of metals, while juxtaposed, to a temperature approaching the melting points thereof; exterlorly chilling said metals; and rolling said metals before the contacting surfaces thereof have cooled.

2. A process for uniting metals, comprising: forming a metallic envelope of one metal and substantially enclosing another metal therewithln; heating the said metals while juxtaposed; exterlorly chilling said envelope to cause sealing of said envelope, and contraction of said envelope upon the metal therewithln; and rolling said envelope and the metal enclosed therewithin before the contacting surfaces thereof have cooled.

3. The process for uniting metals, comprising: forming a metallic envelope of one metal and substantially enclosing another metal therewithln; heating the said metals while juxtaposed to a temperature approaching the melting points thereof exterlorly chilling said envelope; and rolling said envelope and the enclosed metal before the contacting surfaces thereof have cooled.

4. The process of uniting metals, comprising: forming a metallic envelope and enclosing another metal therewithin; heating the said metals while juxtaposed to a welding temperature; directing jets of liquid onto the exterior of said envelope to chill the same; and rolling said envelope and enclosed metal while the contacting surfaces thereof are still at welding temperature.

aioasas 5. The process of uniting metals, comprising: forming a metallic envelope of one metal substantially enclosing the other metal by casting one of said metals about. the other; reheating the said metals after casting to a welding temperature; exteriorly chilling said envelope; and rolling said envelope, with its enclosed metal, while the contacting surfaces thereof are still at welding temperature.

6. The process of uniting metals, comprising: casting molten metal in contact with a solid metal; reheating the said metals after the casting operation to a temperature approaching the melting points thereof; exterlorly chilling said metals; and rolling said metals before the contacting surfaces thereof have cooled.

7. The process of uniting metals, comprising: forming a metallic envelope of one metal substantially enclosing another metal by a casting operation; reheating the said metals after the casting operation to a temperature approaching the melting points thereof; exteriorly chilling said envelope; and rolling said envelope with its enclosed metal before the contacting surfaces thereof have cooled.

8. A process for uniting metals, comprising: heating two different metals, while juxtaposed. to a temperature approaching the melting points thereof; exterlorly chilling said metals; and rolling said metals before the contacting portions thereof have cooled. I 9. The process of uniting metals, comprising: casting copper and steel to form an envelope of copper surrounding a core of steel; reheating the said metals after the casting operation; exterlorly chilling said copper envelope; and rolling said copper envelope with its enclosed steel core before the contacting portions thereof have cooled.

10. A process for uniting unlike metals, comprising: heating said metals while juxtaposed to a welding temperature; exteriorly chilling the outer surfaces of said metals, and rolling said metals while the contacting surfaces thereof are still at welding temperatures.

PETER CYKAJLO. 

